Here we present practical methods for simulation and reconstruction of inline digital holograms recorded with plane and spherical waves. Reconstruction algorithms applied to inline gabor digital. Advantages of the lensless fourier holography setup for the reconstruction of digitally recorded holograms in holographic interferometry are presented. However, in digital holography the overall achievable resolution in the reconstruction is believed to be limited by the size of the captured digital record 14. Then the reconstructed monochromatic holographic images red, green, blue are adjusted to be. The advantage of this technique is that it allows for the reconstruction of both amplitude and phase of a wave. Image reconstruction toolbox for matlab and octave and freemat je rey a. The hologram in figure 22 was used to illustrate reconstruction by convolution. Digital holography is an emerging field of new paradigm in general imaging applications. Introduction digital holographic microscopy employs interferometry for imaging the threedimensional 3d structure of biological specimens. For in dependent measurements, the corresponding negative lop. Phase recovery and holographic image reconstruction using. Also, the numericalreconstruction algorithm is very simple and fast to compute.
Reconstruction of digital holograms by iterative phase retrieval algorithm. Digital holographic microscopy dhm is digital holography applied to microscopy. Principles and techniques of digital holographic microscopy myung k. Osa recording and reconstruction of a color holographic. A special section is devoted to the algorithms and methods for the numerical reconstruction of holograms. With matlab, authortingchung poon and jungping liu, year2014 1. Improvements and analysis liang zhao1, john healy2, yang wu3, inbarasan muniraj2, raed malallah2, damien p. Digital reconstruction is accomplished using fourier transforms. Reconstruction of digital holograms by iterative phase. Optimal parameters, related to distances, sampling rate, and other factors for successful simulation and. The sampling pitch of the reconstructed field is the same as that for the sensor. The tie initial guess is generated using a matlabbased implementation.
We developed a software application with graphical user interface. The second chapter discusses the different options and modalities available when designing a digital holographic microscope dhm, including advantages. Inline digital holographic microscopy dhm is a powerful imaging technique that. Special applications and techniques like short coherence recording, particle field applications. Holography is the only truly threedimensional imaging method available, and matlab has become the programming language of choice for engineering and physics students. Problems approach for digital hologram reconstruction. Whereas most books solely address the theory behind these 3d imaging techniques, this monograph concentrates on the exact code needed to perform complex mathematical and physical. Such a reconstruction algorithm simulates the coherent reconstruction. The reconstruction can be implemented optically for visualization.
Principles and techniques of digital holographic microscopy. Pdf digital holography image reconstruction methods. Goethe, faust an old dream of mankind and a sign of culture is the conservation of moments by taking an image of the world around. Many phase unwrapping algorithms have been created to obtain better performance and minimize error, such as an algorithm based on network programming. These challenges include i the removal of the dc and conjugate image terms, which are features of the holographic recording process. Practical algorithms for simulation and reconstruction of digital in. The capability of digital hologram reconstruction algorithms applied for the processing of holographic interferograms in finitewidth fringes being recorded and reconstructed by the classical optical method is validated. The fifth chapter is dedicated to digital holographic microscopy. A thorough presentation of the principles of holography and digital holography, including digital color holography, is proposed in the third part. In order to eliminate the zeroorder and conjugate image in offaxis digital holography, a new method based on the spatial filtering of the hologram illuminated with the reference written as rih wave is proposed. Digital holography using a laser pointer and consumer. Digital holographic interferometry is discussed in chapter 4. Image reconstruction techniques are used to create 2d and 3d images from sets of 1d projections. Digital holography became feasible since charged coupled devices ccds with suitable numbers and sizes of pixels and computers with sufficient speed became available.
Sheridan2 1insight centre for data analytics, university college dublin, belfield, dublin 4, ireland 2school of electrical, electronic and communications engineering, ioe2 lab, sfi. Reconstruction algorithms applied to inline gabor digital holographic microscopy karen m. Image reconstruction is an integral part in digital image processing. Angular spectrum hologram reconstruction matlab code. Theory let us consider the diffraction of monochromatic, unit amplitude, plane wave, normally impinging on an aperture in the input plane the hologram plane characterized by the complex transmission function. Optimization of the reconstruction parameters in computer generated holograms 27 2. Digital holographic measurement and phase reconstruction. This is a phenomenal textbook into digital holography. This article describes the principles and major applications of digital recording and numerical reconstruction of holograms digital holography. Holorec3ddata under the name hologram video manual.
Image reconstruction toolbox for matlab and octave and. S, n z r 1 where is the wavelength, z is the distance between object and screen, n is the number of pixels, and s. Pdf digital holographic reconstruction of large objects. Image reconstruction using matlab linkedin slideshare. Numerical reconstruction of lena digital holography. Introduction first experiments in numerical reconstruction of optical holograms date back to 196070th. Lena is recorded with lensless digital holography, and then, is numerically focused reconstructed using fresnelkirchhoff integral. Osa digital recording and numerical reconstruction of.
Resolution enhancement in digital holography by self. After some brief reminders about digital holographic recording, we will present the main reconstruction approaches, involving one to three fouriertransforms. Humphreys, mark 2019 realtime video rate terahertz digital holographic imaging system. The digital hologram generation and reconstruction is digital, or optical device using a lcr2500. The numerical recording and reconstruction of a color holographic image are achieved by using digital lensless fourier transform holography. The window which facilitates the manual entry of the. In digital holography, where the hologram is recorded using partially coherent illumination, to reconstruct the object information from holographic fringes term i or, the conventional optical reconstruction process is replaced by a computer algorithm see fig.
Because phase is a relative property, construction of a. This matlab code allows simulation and reconstruction of holograms recorded with plane waves. Digital holographic reconstruction of large objects using a convolution approach and adjustable magnification article pdf available in optics letters 345. I have to write a matlab code for my project which detects and measures the microparticles in the holographic image. As in previous studies 15 in digital holography, the fresnel diffraction formula is used. In the data acquisition, 3d information of a real object is acquired as the types of a digital hologram, a depthandtexture image pair, or a graphic model. Numerical reconstruction of digital holograms with. Pdf inline digital holography is an imaging technique which is being increasingly used for. Practical algorithms for simulation and reconstruction of. That allows obtaining enough information for single and full parallax digital holograms 1, 2.
Uncertainty characterization of particle depth measurement. This very simple setup helps to achieve a maximum lateral resolution of the object under investigation. Principle of digital holographic microscopy duration. The third chapter describes the process of digital hologram recording and the various methods of numerical reconstruction.
These programs were written in the matlab language. Mathematical models of offaxis a nd onaxis methods for digital recording of holograms are introduced in sects. At that time, scanning devices that could be used for digitizing. Reconstruction from digital holograms by statistical methods. However, a picture is the twodimensional projection. By using rih and the lowpass filter to do the convolution operation, the real image of the object without the zeroorder and conjugate image is directly obtained. A versatile matlab program for automated particle tracking of 2d. Uncertainty characterization of particle depth measurement using digital inline holography and the hybrid method jian gao,1 daniel r. Offaxis digital holographic reconstruction based on the. Index terms interferometry, digital holography, microscopy, zeroorder, cepstrum. Kildare, ireland buniversity of oulu, rfmedia laboratory, oulu southern institute, vierimaantie 5, 84100 ylivieska, finland.
Firstly, for a color object, three monochromatic digital holograms with different wavelengths red, green, blue are recorded by a blackwhite ccd, respectively. Digital holography has evolved as a robust and informative means of microscopy. The result of multiple reconstruction is depicted in fig. Near field fresnel reconstruction of digital holograms. This rubric is very useful in many applications including robot navigation, terrain modeling, remote surgery, shape analysis, computer interaction, scientific visualization, movie making, and.
Digital recording and numerical reconstruction of holograms. The algorithms described here are applicable to holographic imaging of an object exhibiting absorption as well as phase shifting properties. A mathematical model based on fourier optics is used. Digital holographic microscopy distinguishes itself from other microscopy methods by not recording the projected image of the object. The matlab code is easy to follow and provided me with some new methods to augment my own hologram reconstruction code. Digital reconstruction of a hologram recorded using. Digital holography digital hologram recording, numerical. Digital holography is an attractive method for instantaneous measurement of threedimensional 3d objects and numerical reconstruction of the 3d objects after the recording. In digital holography instead of the real object, series of its digital photographs taken from different angles are used. Analog and digital holography with matlab 2015 nehmetallah. Unlike ordinary photographs, holograms record both phase and amplitude information. Image reconstruction image reconstruction techniques are used to create 2d and 3d images from sets of 1d projections. The application of digital holography as a viable solution to 3d capture and display technology is examined. Holography 1 holography introduction and background the aesthetic appeal and commercial usefulness of holography are both related to the ability of a hologram to store a threedimensional image.
Examples of digital hologram reconstruction programs. Kim university of south florida, department of physics, 4202 e. You could also create holograms using a normal film camera and then a scanner to create a digital file, however from this point on i will assume a digital camera is being used. I will use this book to teach a graduate course in introduction to digital holography. A digital hologram service system can be organized with 3d information acquisition, compression or encoding, transmission, decompression or decoding, and holographic display, as shown in fig. Pdf in recent years the field of digital holography became an attractive research area. Institute of physics publishing measurement science and technology meas. Analog and digital holography with matlab spie digital library. Processing classical holographic interferograms by.
Application of these algorithms, significantly simplifies the. We propose on this web page a matlab toolbox dedicated to inverse problems approach for digital hologram reconstruction. Then adiscussion about reconstruction with adjustable magni. Naughtona,b a department of computer science, national university of ireland maynooth, maynooth, co. Highly recommended, and better than the well known book by schnars and juepner. Instead, the light wave front information originating from the object is digitally recorded as a hologram, from which a computer. Moreover, photothermoplastics are limited in resolution, size, and diffraction efficiency. Holography with plane waves, inline inline, gabor hologra s. This spotlight begins with an introduction to digital holographic microscopy via a brief history of holography. Hi, im working on a project which is about digital inline holographic microscopy. These reconstruction techniques form the basis for common imaging modalities such as ct, mri, and pet, and they are useful in medicine, biology, earth science, archaeology, materials science, and nondestructive testing.
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